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The Light Water Reactor Sustainability Program is a U.S. government research and development program. It is directed by the United States Department of Energy and is aimed at performing research and compiling data necessary to qualify for licenses to extend the life of America's current 104 electricity generating nuclear power plants beyond 60 years of life. Practically all of the commercial electric-generating nuclear power plants currently in the United States are light water reactor (LWR) plants, meaning they use ordinary (light) water as a moderator and coolant simultaneously. The basis for the project is founded on the facts that in the near future: *demand for electricity is projected to increase significantly *The U.S. has goals to significantly lower carbon dioxide emissions During his presidential campaign, Barack Obama stated, "Nuclear power represents more than 70% of our noncarbon generated electricity. It is unlikely that we can meet our aggressive climate goals if we eliminate nuclear power as an option." 〔http://www.barackobama.com/pdf/factsheet_energy_speech_080308.pdf〕 The LWRS Program operates on the premise that electricity from nuclear generating stations, as a zero-carbon source, can and must play a critical role as part of an overall solution to both of these needs. The LWRS Program focuses on four main areas: Materials Aging and Degradation, Advanced Instrumentation, Information, and Control Systems Technologies, Advanced Light Water Reactor Nuclear Fuels, and finally, Risk-Informed Safety Margin Characterization. == Projected Increase in Demand == Domestic demand for electric energy is expected to grow by more than 30% from 2009 to 2035. At the same time, most of the currently operating nuclear power plants will begin reaching the end of their initial 20-year extension to their original 40-year operating license, for a total of 60 years of operation. According to one study,〔U.S. Energy Information Administration, “International Energy Outlook 2007,” Energy Information Administration, Office of Integrated Analysis and Forecasting, U.S. Department of Energy Washington, D.C., May 2007.〕 demand will increase by 30-40% by the year 2030. Other studies 〔EIA 2010 outlook cited in WNN news report: http://www.world-nuclear-news.org/EE-The_only_way_is_up_for_world_energy_use-2705107.html.〕 suggest an even higher increase in the world in general: above 80% by 2035. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Light Water Reactor Sustainability Program」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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